Generally, plant-based feeds mainly composed of grains and soybean meal, lysine, methionine, etc., cannot meet the needs of animals. For example, adding amino acids can greatly save protein, reduce feeding costs, and improve animal production efficiency. The functions of amino acids as feed additives are: saving protein resources and improving feed returns; enhancing the disease resistance of livestock and poultry and improving health levels; increasing livestock and poultry feeding and promoting the absorption of nutrients; increasing lean meat rate and improving the quality of livestock products.
At present, domestic feed resources are relatively scarce, especially the shortage of protein feeds such as soybean meal and fish meal, which seriously restricts the development of animal husbandry. Threonine is usually the second or third limiting amino acid in pig feed and the third or fourth limiting amino acid in poultry feed. With the widespread use of lysine and methionine synthetic products in compound feeds, it has gradually become the main limiting factor affecting the production performance of livestock and poultry, especially after adding lysine to low-protein diets, threonine becomes the first limiting amino acid for growing pigs.Threonine is an important amino acid that has multiple physiological functions in animals, such as promoting protein synthesis, improving immunity, and promoting intestinal health. Therefore, adding an appropriate amount of threonine to feed can improve the production performance and health level of animals. Adding L-threonine to compound feed has the following effects:
1. Threonine promotes protein synthesis
Protein is one of the most important nutrients in animals. It plays a vital role in the growth and development of animals, the formation and repair of muscle tissue, etc. Threonine is one of the essential amino acids for protein synthesis. It can improve the utilization rate of protein, promote the growth and repair of muscle tissue, and thus improve the production performance of animals.
2. Improve animal immunity
Immunity is an important defense mechanism in animals, which can protect animals from various pathogens. Threonine can promote the growth and proliferation of immune cells, improve the synthesis of immunoglobulins, thereby enhancing the immunity of animals and reducing the occurrence of diseases.
3. Promote intestinal health
The intestine is one of the most important digestive organs in animals. It plays a vital role in the nutritional absorption and health level of animals. Threonine can promote the growth and repair of intestinal mucosal cells, enhance the intestinal barrier function, thereby reducing the occurrence of intestinal diseases and improving the health level of animals.
Lysine is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in animal growth and development, development of internal organs, organ function, metabolism and synthesis of muscle tissue. Adding lysine to feed can improve the nutritional value of feed and increase the benefits of breeding, but excessive addition will have an adverse effect on animal health. Therefore, it should be added scientifically according to actual conditions in breeding. Lysine is an alkaline essential amino acid. Since the lysine content in cereal foods is very low and it is easily destroyed and lacking during processing, it is called the first limiting amino acid. The role of lysine in feed:
1. Improve the nutritional value of feed
Lysine is a high-quality amino acid that plays an important role in the growth and development of animals. Adding lysine to feed can improve the nutritional value of feed.
2. Enhance animal immune function
Lysine metabolites can enhance the immune function of animals and improve the body's self-protection ability.
3. Promote the development and function of internal organs
Lysine is not only the main amino acid in muscle tissue but also one of the essential amino acids in organ tissues (such as intestines, liver, pancreas, etc.). The supply of lysine can promote the development and function of these organs.
4. Promote the metabolism and synthesis of muscle tissue
Lysine is present in a high content in muscle tissue. Its supply can promote the metabolism and synthesis of muscle tissue and increase the quality of muscle tissue. There is an interaction between lysine and other amino acids. Different feed formulas may produce different effects. Therefore, when formulating feed formulas, they should be designed and adjusted according to specific circumstances.
DL-methionine, also known as methionine, is an important amino acid variety. Adding methionine to feed can increase nutrients and help animals grow rapidly in a short period of time. It is also an essential amino acid for livestock and poultry ruminants, and its main use is to participate in protein synthesis. Methionine is used as a fortifier of protein feed and a nutritional additive to make up for the balance of amino acids. Livestock and poultry ruminant feeds with methionine can help livestock and poultry ruminants grow in a short period of time. Livestock and poultry ruminants lack methionine, which can easily cause maldevelopment, weight loss, weakened liver and kidney function, muscle atrophy, and fur deterioration.
1. Promote growth and improve production performance
Methionine can synthesize body protein in animals and can be quickly converted into cystine to meet the needs of animals; provide active methyl groups for the body to synthesize some methyl compounds such as choline, keratin and nucleic acids; add an appropriate amount of methionine to livestock and poultry ruminant feed to improve feed conversion rate and the utilization rate of protein raw materials, thereby increasing benefits. Adding an appropriate amount of methionine to laying hen feed can effectively improve the production performance of laying hens. Promote poultry egg production and improve egg quality.
2. Improve animal immunity
The levels of protein and amino acids in the diet affect the immune function of animals. Increasing the methionine content in the diet will increase the antibody titer, immunoglobulin and lymphocyte conversion rate in the body's serum. At the same time, the level of methionine in the diet also affects cellular immunity. It can promote the absorption of other nutrients in livestock and poultry ruminants, improve resistance and reduce mortality.
3. Liver protection effect
Methionine is beneficial to protect the liver during the body's metabolism. If the body takes in too little methionine, the urea and non-protein nitrogen in the blood will increase, and fat will easily deposit in the liver.
4. Detoxification effect
Aflatoxin is a metabolite of Aspergillus flavus, which has the effects of inducing mutations, suppressing immunity, and causing cancer. Methionine can combine with mycotoxins in feed to reduce toxicity. Methionine also has an inhibitory effect on mold. After adding it to the feed, it can prevent or control the decomposition of feed nutrients by mold.